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Japan Finance Corporation (JFC; 日本政策金融公庫) is a public corporation wholly owned by the Japanese government, established on October 1, 2008, as the result of the merger of four policy-based financing institutions. JFC is a Policy-based financial institution that aims to complement financial activities carried out by private financial institutions and to contribute to the sound development of the Japanese and international economies and societies and to the improvement of the quality of national life.

As a comprehensive government-affiliated financial institution inaugurated to better serve society and help promote a bright and prosperous future, JFC offers a wide spectrum of services by drawing on the combined expertise of the respective fields of operations as well as offer financial functions (operations to facilitate crisis responses) necessary for coping with damage inflicted by events such as domestic or international financial disorder, large-scale natural disasters or infections.

Japan Finance Corporation has perform financial functions (international finance operations) for promoting overseas development and acquisition of strategically important natural resources important to Japan, maintaining and improving the international competitiveness of Japanese industries, and promoting overseas business for preserving the global environment such as preventing global warming.

Japan Finance Corporation also execute financial functions (domestic financial operations) for supporting financing for the general public, SMEs, and agricultural, forestry, and fishery businesses. JFC operated 152 branches in Japan and have 19 overseas representative offices.
 

In Japan, the Financial Services Agency (金融庁, Kin'yūchō) is responsible for overseeing banking services in order to ensure the stability of the financial system of Japan. Bank of Japan (BOJ) is not a regulatory authority under the Banking Act, but it conducts on-site examinations in order to maintain a safe and sound financial system. These examinations are based on bilateral agreements between the BOJ and financial institutions that have current accounts with it under the Bank of Japan Act.